// Copyright (c) 2014-2016 The btcsuite developers
// Use of this source code is governed by an ISC
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package chaincfg

import (
	"errors"
	"math/big"
	"time"

	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/wire"
)

// These variables are the chain proof-of-work limit parameters for each default
// network.
var (
	// bigOne is 1 represented as a big.Int.  It is defined here to avoid
	// the overhead of creating it multiple times.
	bigOne = big.NewInt(1)

	// mainPowLimit is the highest proof of work value a Bitcoin block can
	// have for the main network.  It is the value 2^224 - 1.
	mainPowLimit = new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(bigOne, 224), bigOne)

	// regressionPowLimit is the highest proof of work value a Bitcoin block
	// can have for the regression test network.  It is the value 2^255 - 1.
	regressionPowLimit = new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(bigOne, 255), bigOne)

	// testNet3PowLimit is the highest proof of work value a Bitcoin block
	// can have for the test network (version 3).  It is the value
	// 2^224 - 1.
	testNet3PowLimit = new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(bigOne, 224), bigOne)

	// simNetPowLimit is the highest proof of work value a Bitcoin block
	// can have for the simulation test network.  It is the value 2^255 - 1.
	simNetPowLimit = new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(bigOne, 255), bigOne)
)

// Checkpoint identifies a known good point in the block chain.  Using
// checkpoints allows a few optimizations for old blocks during initial download
// and also prevents forks from old blocks.
//
// Each checkpoint is selected based upon several factors.  See the
// documentation for blockchain.IsCheckpointCandidate for details on the
// selection criteria.
type Checkpoint struct {
	Height int32
	Hash   *chainhash.Hash
}

// DNSSeed identifies a DNS seed.
type DNSSeed struct {
	// Host defines the hostname of the seed.
	Host string

	// HasFiltering defines whether the seed supports filtering
	// by service flags (wire.ServiceFlag).
	HasFiltering bool
}

// Params defines a Bitcoin network by its parameters.  These parameters may be
// used by Bitcoin applications to differentiate networks as well as addresses
// and keys for one network from those intended for use on another network.
type Params struct {
	// Name defines a human-readable identifier for the network.
	Name string

	// Net defines the magic bytes used to identify the network.
	Net wire.BitcoinNet

	// DefaultPort defines the default peer-to-peer port for the network.
	DefaultPort string

	// DNSSeeds defines a list of DNS seeds for the network that are used
	// as one method to discover peers.
	DNSSeeds []DNSSeed

	// GenesisBlock defines the first block of the chain.
	GenesisBlock *wire.MsgBlock

	// GenesisHash is the starting block hash.
	GenesisHash *chainhash.Hash

	// PowLimit defines the highest allowed proof of work value for a block
	// as a uint256.
	PowLimit *big.Int

	// PowLimitBits defines the highest allowed proof of work value for a
	// block in compact form.
	PowLimitBits uint32

	// CoinbaseMaturity is the number of blocks required before newly mined
	// coins (coinbase transactions) can be spent.
	CoinbaseMaturity uint16

	// SubsidyReductionInterval is the interval of blocks before the subsidy
	// is reduced.
	SubsidyReductionInterval int32

	// TargetTimespan is the desired amount of time that should elapse
	// before the block difficulty requirement is examined to determine how
	// it should be changed in order to maintain the desired block
	// generation rate.
	TargetTimespan time.Duration

	// TargetTimePerBlock is the desired amount of time to generate each
	// block.
	TargetTimePerBlock time.Duration

	// RetargetAdjustmentFactor is the adjustment factor used to limit
	// the minimum and maximum amount of adjustment that can occur between
	// difficulty retargets.
	RetargetAdjustmentFactor int64

	// ReduceMinDifficulty defines whether the network should reduce the
	// minimum required difficulty after a long enough period of time has
	// passed without finding a block.  This is really only useful for test
	// networks and should not be set on a main network.
	ReduceMinDifficulty bool

	// MinDiffReductionTime is the amount of time after which the minimum
	// required difficulty should be reduced when a block hasn't been found.
	//
	// NOTE: This only applies if ReduceMinDifficulty is true.
	MinDiffReductionTime time.Duration

	// GenerateSupported specifies whether or not CPU mining is allowed.
	GenerateSupported bool

	// Checkpoints ordered from oldest to newest.
	Checkpoints []Checkpoint

	// Enforce current block version once network has
	// upgraded.  This is part of BIP0034.
	BlockEnforceNumRequired uint64

	// Reject previous block versions once network has
	// upgraded.  This is part of BIP0034.
	BlockRejectNumRequired uint64

	// The number of nodes to check.  This is part of BIP0034.
	BlockUpgradeNumToCheck uint64

	// Mempool parameters
	RelayNonStdTxs bool

	// Address encoding magics
	PubKeyHashAddrID byte // First byte of a P2PKH address
	ScriptHashAddrID byte // First byte of a P2SH address
	PrivateKeyID     byte // First byte of a WIF private key

	// BIP32 hierarchical deterministic extended key magics
	HDPrivateKeyID [4]byte
	HDPublicKeyID  [4]byte

	// BIP44 coin type used in the hierarchical deterministic path for
	// address generation.
	HDCoinType uint32
}

// MainNetParams defines the network parameters for the main Bitcoin network.
var MainNetParams = Params{
	Name:        "mainnet",
	Net:         wire.MainNet,
	DefaultPort: "8333",
	DNSSeeds: []DNSSeed{
		{"seed.bitcoin.sipa.be", true},
		{"dnsseed.bluematt.me", true},
		{"dnsseed.bitcoin.dashjr.org", false},
		{"seed.bitcoinstats.com", true},
		{"seed.bitnodes.io", false},
		{"bitseed.xf2.org", false},
		{"seed.bitcoin.jonasschnelli.ch", true},
	},

	// Chain parameters
	GenesisBlock:             &genesisBlock,
	GenesisHash:              &genesisHash,
	PowLimit:                 mainPowLimit,
	PowLimitBits:             0x1d00ffff,
	CoinbaseMaturity:         100,
	SubsidyReductionInterval: 210000,
	TargetTimespan:           time.Hour * 24 * 14, // 14 days
	TargetTimePerBlock:       time.Minute * 10,    // 10 minutes
	RetargetAdjustmentFactor: 4,                   // 25% less, 400% more
	ReduceMinDifficulty:      false,
	MinDiffReductionTime:     0,
	GenerateSupported:        false,

	// Checkpoints ordered from oldest to newest.
	Checkpoints: []Checkpoint{
		{11111, newHashFromStr("0000000069e244f73d78e8fd29ba2fd2ed618bd6fa2ee92559f542fdb26e7c1d")},
		{33333, newHashFromStr("000000002dd5588a74784eaa7ab0507a18ad16a236e7b1ce69f00d7ddfb5d0a6")},
		{74000, newHashFromStr("0000000000573993a3c9e41ce34471c079dcf5f52a0e824a81e7f953b8661a20")},
		{105000, newHashFromStr("00000000000291ce28027faea320c8d2b054b2e0fe44a773f3eefb151d6bdc97")},
		{134444, newHashFromStr("00000000000005b12ffd4cd315cd34ffd4a594f430ac814c91184a0d42d2b0fe")},
		{168000, newHashFromStr("000000000000099e61ea72015e79632f216fe6cb33d7899acb35b75c8303b763")},
		{193000, newHashFromStr("000000000000059f452a5f7340de6682a977387c17010ff6e6c3bd83ca8b1317")},
		{210000, newHashFromStr("000000000000048b95347e83192f69cf0366076336c639f9b7228e9ba171342e")},
		{216116, newHashFromStr("00000000000001b4f4b433e81ee46494af945cf96014816a4e2370f11b23df4e")},
		{225430, newHashFromStr("00000000000001c108384350f74090433e7fcf79a606b8e797f065b130575932")},
		{250000, newHashFromStr("000000000000003887df1f29024b06fc2200b55f8af8f35453d7be294df2d214")},
		{267300, newHashFromStr("000000000000000a83fbd660e918f218bf37edd92b748ad940483c7c116179ac")},
		{279000, newHashFromStr("0000000000000001ae8c72a0b0c301f67e3afca10e819efa9041e458e9bd7e40")},
		{300255, newHashFromStr("0000000000000000162804527c6e9b9f0563a280525f9d08c12041def0a0f3b2")},
		{319400, newHashFromStr("000000000000000021c6052e9becade189495d1c539aa37c58917305fd15f13b")},
		{343185, newHashFromStr("0000000000000000072b8bf361d01a6ba7d445dd024203fafc78768ed4368554")},
		{352940, newHashFromStr("000000000000000010755df42dba556bb72be6a32f3ce0b6941ce4430152c9ff")},
		{382320, newHashFromStr("00000000000000000a8dc6ed5b133d0eb2fd6af56203e4159789b092defd8ab2")},
	},

	// Enforce current block version once majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 75% (750 / 1000)
	// Reject previous block versions once a majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 95% (950 / 1000)
	BlockEnforceNumRequired: 750,
	BlockRejectNumRequired:  950,
	BlockUpgradeNumToCheck:  1000,

	// Mempool parameters
	RelayNonStdTxs: false,

	// Address encoding magics
	PubKeyHashAddrID: 0x00, // starts with 1
	ScriptHashAddrID: 0x05, // starts with 3
	PrivateKeyID:     0x80, // starts with 5 (uncompressed) or K (compressed)

	// BIP32 hierarchical deterministic extended key magics
	HDPrivateKeyID: [4]byte{0x04, 0x88, 0xad, 0xe4}, // starts with xprv
	HDPublicKeyID:  [4]byte{0x04, 0x88, 0xb2, 0x1e}, // starts with xpub

	// BIP44 coin type used in the hierarchical deterministic path for
	// address generation.
	HDCoinType: 0,
}

// RegressionNetParams defines the network parameters for the regression test
// Bitcoin network.  Not to be confused with the test Bitcoin network (version
// 3), this network is sometimes simply called "testnet".
var RegressionNetParams = Params{
	Name:        "regtest",
	Net:         wire.TestNet,
	DefaultPort: "18444",
	DNSSeeds:    []DNSSeed{},

	// Chain parameters
	GenesisBlock:             &regTestGenesisBlock,
	GenesisHash:              &regTestGenesisHash,
	PowLimit:                 regressionPowLimit,
	PowLimitBits:             0x207fffff,
	CoinbaseMaturity:         100,
	SubsidyReductionInterval: 150,
	TargetTimespan:           time.Hour * 24 * 14, // 14 days
	TargetTimePerBlock:       time.Minute * 10,    // 10 minutes
	RetargetAdjustmentFactor: 4,                   // 25% less, 400% more
	ReduceMinDifficulty:      true,
	MinDiffReductionTime:     time.Minute * 20, // TargetTimePerBlock * 2
	GenerateSupported:        true,

	// Checkpoints ordered from oldest to newest.
	Checkpoints: nil,

	// Enforce current block version once majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 75% (750 / 1000)
	// Reject previous block versions once a majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 95% (950 / 1000)
	BlockEnforceNumRequired: 750,
	BlockRejectNumRequired:  950,
	BlockUpgradeNumToCheck:  1000,

	// Mempool parameters
	RelayNonStdTxs: true,

	// Address encoding magics
	PubKeyHashAddrID: 0x6f, // starts with m or n
	ScriptHashAddrID: 0xc4, // starts with 2
	PrivateKeyID:     0xef, // starts with 9 (uncompressed) or c (compressed)

	// BIP32 hierarchical deterministic extended key magics
	HDPrivateKeyID: [4]byte{0x04, 0x35, 0x83, 0x94}, // starts with tprv
	HDPublicKeyID:  [4]byte{0x04, 0x35, 0x87, 0xcf}, // starts with tpub

	// BIP44 coin type used in the hierarchical deterministic path for
	// address generation.
	HDCoinType: 1,
}

// TestNet3Params defines the network parameters for the test Bitcoin network
// (version 3).  Not to be confused with the regression test network, this
// network is sometimes simply called "testnet".
var TestNet3Params = Params{
	Name:        "testnet3",
	Net:         wire.TestNet3,
	DefaultPort: "18333",
	DNSSeeds: []DNSSeed{
		{"testnet-seed.bitcoin.jonasschnelli.ch", true},
		{"testnet-seed.bitcoin.schildbach.de", false},
		{"seed.tbtc.petertodd.org", true},
		{"testnet-seed.bluematt.me", false},
	},

	// Chain parameters
	GenesisBlock:             &testNet3GenesisBlock,
	GenesisHash:              &testNet3GenesisHash,
	PowLimit:                 testNet3PowLimit,
	PowLimitBits:             0x1d00ffff,
	CoinbaseMaturity:         100,
	SubsidyReductionInterval: 210000,
	TargetTimespan:           time.Hour * 24 * 14, // 14 days
	TargetTimePerBlock:       time.Minute * 10,    // 10 minutes
	RetargetAdjustmentFactor: 4,                   // 25% less, 400% more
	ReduceMinDifficulty:      true,
	MinDiffReductionTime:     time.Minute * 20, // TargetTimePerBlock * 2
	GenerateSupported:        false,

	// Checkpoints ordered from oldest to newest.
	Checkpoints: []Checkpoint{
		{546, newHashFromStr("000000002a936ca763904c3c35fce2f3556c559c0214345d31b1bcebf76acb70")},
	},

	// Enforce current block version once majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 51% (51 / 100)
	// Reject previous block versions once a majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 75% (75 / 100)
	BlockEnforceNumRequired: 51,
	BlockRejectNumRequired:  75,
	BlockUpgradeNumToCheck:  100,

	// Mempool parameters
	RelayNonStdTxs: true,

	// Address encoding magics
	PubKeyHashAddrID: 0x6f, // starts with m or n
	ScriptHashAddrID: 0xc4, // starts with 2
	PrivateKeyID:     0xef, // starts with 9 (uncompressed) or c (compressed)

	// BIP32 hierarchical deterministic extended key magics
	HDPrivateKeyID: [4]byte{0x04, 0x35, 0x83, 0x94}, // starts with tprv
	HDPublicKeyID:  [4]byte{0x04, 0x35, 0x87, 0xcf}, // starts with tpub

	// BIP44 coin type used in the hierarchical deterministic path for
	// address generation.
	HDCoinType: 1,
}

// SimNetParams defines the network parameters for the simulation test Bitcoin
// network.  This network is similar to the normal test network except it is
// intended for private use within a group of individuals doing simulation
// testing.  The functionality is intended to differ in that the only nodes
// which are specifically specified are used to create the network rather than
// following normal discovery rules.  This is important as otherwise it would
// just turn into another public testnet.
var SimNetParams = Params{
	Name:        "simnet",
	Net:         wire.SimNet,
	DefaultPort: "18555",
	DNSSeeds:    []DNSSeed{}, // NOTE: There must NOT be any seeds.

	// Chain parameters
	GenesisBlock:             &simNetGenesisBlock,
	GenesisHash:              &simNetGenesisHash,
	PowLimit:                 simNetPowLimit,
	PowLimitBits:             0x207fffff,
	CoinbaseMaturity:         100,
	SubsidyReductionInterval: 210000,
	TargetTimespan:           time.Hour * 24 * 14, // 14 days
	TargetTimePerBlock:       time.Minute * 10,    // 10 minutes
	RetargetAdjustmentFactor: 4,                   // 25% less, 400% more
	ReduceMinDifficulty:      true,
	MinDiffReductionTime:     time.Minute * 20, // TargetTimePerBlock * 2
	GenerateSupported:        true,

	// Checkpoints ordered from oldest to newest.
	Checkpoints: nil,

	// Enforce current block version once majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 51% (51 / 100)
	// Reject previous block versions once a majority of the network has
	// upgraded.
	// 75% (75 / 100)
	BlockEnforceNumRequired: 51,
	BlockRejectNumRequired:  75,
	BlockUpgradeNumToCheck:  100,

	// Mempool parameters
	RelayNonStdTxs: true,

	// Address encoding magics
	PubKeyHashAddrID: 0x3f, // starts with S
	ScriptHashAddrID: 0x7b, // starts with s
	PrivateKeyID:     0x64, // starts with 4 (uncompressed) or F (compressed)

	// BIP32 hierarchical deterministic extended key magics
	HDPrivateKeyID: [4]byte{0x04, 0x20, 0xb9, 0x00}, // starts with sprv
	HDPublicKeyID:  [4]byte{0x04, 0x20, 0xbd, 0x3a}, // starts with spub

	// BIP44 coin type used in the hierarchical deterministic path for
	// address generation.
	HDCoinType: 115, // ASCII for s
}

var (
	// ErrDuplicateNet describes an error where the parameters for a Bitcoin
	// network could not be set due to the network already being a standard
	// network or previously-registered into this package.
	ErrDuplicateNet = errors.New("duplicate Bitcoin network")

	// ErrUnknownHDKeyID describes an error where the provided id which
	// is intended to identify the network for a hierarchical deterministic
	// private extended key is not registered.
	ErrUnknownHDKeyID = errors.New("unknown hd private extended key bytes")
)

var (
	registeredNets    = make(map[wire.BitcoinNet]struct{})
	pubKeyHashAddrIDs = make(map[byte]struct{})
	scriptHashAddrIDs = make(map[byte]struct{})
	hdPrivToPubKeyIDs = make(map[[4]byte][]byte)
)

// String returns the hostname of the DNS seed in human-readable form.
func (d DNSSeed) String() string {
	return d.Host
}

// Register registers the network parameters for a Bitcoin network.  This may
// error with ErrDuplicateNet if the network is already registered (either
// due to a previous Register call, or the network being one of the default
// networks).
//
// Network parameters should be registered into this package by a main package
// as early as possible.  Then, library packages may lookup networks or network
// parameters based on inputs and work regardless of the network being standard
// or not.
func Register(params *Params) error {
	if _, ok := registeredNets[params.Net]; ok {
		return ErrDuplicateNet
	}
	registeredNets[params.Net] = struct{}{}
	pubKeyHashAddrIDs[params.PubKeyHashAddrID] = struct{}{}
	scriptHashAddrIDs[params.ScriptHashAddrID] = struct{}{}
	hdPrivToPubKeyIDs[params.HDPrivateKeyID] = params.HDPublicKeyID[:]
	return nil
}

// mustRegister performs the same function as Register except it panics if there
// is an error.  This should only be called from package init functions.
func mustRegister(params *Params) {
	if err := Register(params); err != nil {
		panic("failed to register network: " + err.Error())
	}
}

// IsPubKeyHashAddrID returns whether the id is an identifier known to prefix a
// pay-to-pubkey-hash address on any default or registered network.  This is
// used when decoding an address string into a specific address type.  It is up
// to the caller to check both this and IsScriptHashAddrID and decide whether an
// address is a pubkey hash address, script hash address, neither, or
// undeterminable (if both return true).
func IsPubKeyHashAddrID(id byte) bool {
	_, ok := pubKeyHashAddrIDs[id]
	return ok
}

// IsScriptHashAddrID returns whether the id is an identifier known to prefix a
// pay-to-script-hash address on any default or registered network.  This is
// used when decoding an address string into a specific address type.  It is up
// to the caller to check both this and IsPubKeyHashAddrID and decide whether an
// address is a pubkey hash address, script hash address, neither, or
// undeterminable (if both return true).
func IsScriptHashAddrID(id byte) bool {
	_, ok := scriptHashAddrIDs[id]
	return ok
}

// HDPrivateKeyToPublicKeyID accepts a private hierarchical deterministic
// extended key id and returns the associated public key id.  When the provided
// id is not registered, the ErrUnknownHDKeyID error will be returned.
func HDPrivateKeyToPublicKeyID(id []byte) ([]byte, error) {
	if len(id) != 4 {
		return nil, ErrUnknownHDKeyID
	}

	var key [4]byte
	copy(key[:], id)
	pubBytes, ok := hdPrivToPubKeyIDs[key]
	if !ok {
		return nil, ErrUnknownHDKeyID
	}

	return pubBytes, nil
}

// newHashFromStr converts the passed big-endian hex string into a
// chainhash.Hash.  It only differs from the one available in chainhash in that
// it panics on an error since it will only (and must only) be called with
// hard-coded, and therefore known good, hashes.
func newHashFromStr(hexStr string) *chainhash.Hash {
	hash, err := chainhash.NewHashFromStr(hexStr)
	if err != nil {
		// Ordinarily I don't like panics in library code since it
		// can take applications down without them having a chance to
		// recover which is extremely annoying, however an exception is
		// being made in this case because the only way this can panic
		// is if there is an error in the hard-coded hashes.  Thus it
		// will only ever potentially panic on init and therefore is
		// 100% predictable.
		panic(err)
	}
	return hash
}

func init() {
	// Register all default networks when the package is initialized.
	mustRegister(&MainNetParams)
	mustRegister(&TestNet3Params)
	mustRegister(&RegressionNetParams)
	mustRegister(&SimNetParams)
}