e306be7429 Use 72 byte dummy signatures when watching only inputs may be used (Andrew Chow)
48b1473c89 Use 71 byte signature for DUMMY_SIGNATURE_CREATOR (Andrew Chow)
18dfea0dd0 Always create 70 byte signatures with low R values (Andrew Chow)
Pull request description:
When creating signatures for transactions, always make one which has a 32 byte or smaller R and 32 byte or smaller S value. This results in signatures that are always less than 71 bytes (32 byte R + 32 byte S + 6 bytes DER + 1 byte sighash) with low R values. In most cases, the signature will be 71 bytes.
Because R is not mutable in the same way that S is, a low R value can only be found by trying different nonces. RFC 6979 for deterministic nonce generation has the option to specify additional entropy, so we simply use that and add a uin32_t counter which we increment in order to try different nonces. Nonces are sill deterministically generated as the nonce used will the be the first one where the counter results in a nonce that results in a low R value. Because different nonces need to be tried, time to produce a signature does increase. On average, it takes twice as long to make a signature as two signatures need to be created, on average, to find one with a low R.
Having a fixed size signature makes size calculations easier and also saves half a byte of transaction size, on average.
DUMMY_SIGNATURE_CREATOR has been modified to produce 71 byte dummy signatures instead of 72 byte signatures.
Tree-SHA512: 3cd791505126ce92da7c631856a97ba0b59e87d9c132feff6e0eef1dc47768e81fbb38bfbe970371bedf9714b7f61a13a5fe9f30f962c81734092a4d19a4ef33
When extra entropy is not specified by the caller, CKey::Sign will
now always create a signature that has a low R value and is at most
70 bytes. The resulting signature on the stack will be 71 bytes when
the sighash byte is included.
Using low R signatures means that the resulting DER encoded signature
will never need to have additional padding to account for high R
values.
In the case of CKey's destructor, it seems to have been an oversight in
f4d1fc259 not to delete it. At this point, it results in the move
constructors/assignment operators for CKey being deleted, which may have
a performance impact.
Remove the nType and nVersion as parameters to all serialization methods
and functions. There is only one place where it's read and has an impact
(in CAddress), and even there it does not impact any of the recursively
invoked serializers.
Instead, the few places that need nType or nVersion are changed to read
it directly from the stream object, through GetType() and GetVersion()
methods which are added to all stream classes.
Replace these with vectors allocated from the secure allocator.
This avoids mlock syscall churn on stack pages, as well as makes
it possible to get rid of these functions.
Please review this commit and the previous one carefully that
no `sizeof(vectortype)` remains in the memcpys and memcmps usage
(ick!), and `.data()` or `&vec[x]` is used as appropriate instead of
&vec.
libsecp256k1's API changed, so update key.cpp to use it.
Libsecp256k1 now has explicit context objects, which makes it completely thread-safe.
In turn, keep an explicit context object in key.cpp, which is explicitly initialized
destroyed. This is not really pretty now, but it's more efficient than the static
initialized object in key.cpp (which made for example bitcoin-tx slow, as for most of
its calls, libsecp256k1 wasn't actually needed).
This also brings in the new blinding support in libsecp256k1. By passing in a random
seed, temporary variables during the elliptic curve computations are altered, in such
a way that if an attacker does not know the blind, observing the internal operations
leaks less information about the keys used. This was implemented by Greg Maxwell.
Add a sanity check to prevent cosmic rays from flipping a bit in the
generated public key, or bugs in the elliptic curve code. This is
simply done by signing a (randomized) message, and verifying the
result.
This allows for a reversal of the current behavior.
This:
CScript foo;
CScriptID bar(foo.GetID());
Becomes:
CScript foo;
CScriptID bar(foo);
This way, CScript is no longer dependent on CScriptID or Hash();
- ensures a consistent usage in header files
- also add a blank line after the copyright header where missing
- also remove orphan new-lines at the end of some files
Previously if bitcoind is linked with an OpenSSL which is compiled
without EC support, this is seen as an assertion failure "pKey !=
NULL" at key.cpp:134, which occurs after several seconds. It is an
esoteric piece of knowledge to interpret this as "oops, I linked
with the wrong OpenSSL", and because of the delay it may not even
be noticed.
The new output is
: OpenSSL appears to lack support for elliptic curve cryptography. For
more information, visit
https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/OpenSSL_and_EC_Libraries
: Initialization sanity check failed. Bitcoin Core is shutting down.
which occurs immediately after attempted startup.
This also blocks in an InitSanityCheck() function which currently only
checks for EC support but should eventually do more. See #4081.
a81cd968 introduced a malleability breaker for signatures
(using an even value for S). In e0e14e43 this was changed to
the lower of two potential values, rather than the even one.
Only the signing code was changed though, the (for now unused)
verification code wasn't adapted.
