lbcd/blockchain/error.go

// Copyright (c) 2014 Conformal Systems LLC.
// Use of this source code is governed by an ISC
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package blockchain

import (
	"fmt"
)

// ErrorCode identifies a kind of error.
type ErrorCode int

// These constants are used to identify a specific RuleError.
const (
	// ErrDuplicateBlock indicates a block with the same hash already
	// exists.
	ErrDuplicateBlock ErrorCode = iota

	// ErrBlockTooBig indicates the serialized block size exceeds the
	// maximum allowed size.
	ErrBlockTooBig

	// ErrBlockVersionTooOld indicates the block version is too old and is
	// no longer accepted since the majority of the network has upgraded
	// to a newer version.
	ErrBlockVersionTooOld

	// ErrInvalidTime indicates the time in the passed block has a precision
	// that is more than one second.  The chain consensus rules require
	// timestamps to have a maximum precision of one second.
	ErrInvalidTime

	// ErrTimeTooOld indicates the time is either before the median time of
	// the last several blocks per the chain consensus rules or prior to the
	// most recent checkpoint.
	ErrTimeTooOld

	// ErrTimeTooNew indicates the time is too far in the future as compared
	// the current time.
	ErrTimeTooNew

	// ErrDifficultyTooLow indicates the difficulty for the block is lower
	// than the difficulty required by the most recent checkpoint.
	ErrDifficultyTooLow

	// ErrUnexpectedDifficulty indicates specified bits do not align with
	// the expected value either because it doesn't match the calculated
	// valued based on difficulty regarted rules or it is out of the valid
	// range.
	ErrUnexpectedDifficulty

	// ErrHighHash indicates the block does not hash to a value which is
	// lower than the required target difficultly.
	ErrHighHash

	// ErrBadMerkleRoot indicates the calculated merkle root does not match
	// the expected value.
	ErrBadMerkleRoot

	// ErrBadCheckpoint indicates a block that is expected to be at a
	// checkpoint height does not match the expected one.
	ErrBadCheckpoint

	// ErrForkTooOld indicates a block is attempting to fork the block chain
	// before the most recent checkpoint.
	ErrForkTooOld

	// ErrCheckpointTimeTooOld indicates a block has a timestamp before the
	// most recent checkpoint.
	ErrCheckpointTimeTooOld

	// ErrNoTransactions indicates the block does not have a least one
	// transaction.  A valid block must have at least the coinbase
	// transaction.
	ErrNoTransactions

	// ErrTooManyTransactions indicates the block has more transactions than
	// are allowed.
	ErrTooManyTransactions

	// ErrNoTxInputs indicates a transaction does not have any inputs.  A
	// valid transaction must have at least one input.
	ErrNoTxInputs

	// ErrNoTxOutputs indicates a transaction does not have any outputs.  A
	// valid transaction must have at least one output.
	ErrNoTxOutputs

	// ErrTxTooBig indicates a transaction exceeds the maximum allowed size
	// when serialized.
	ErrTxTooBig

	// ErrBadTxOutValue indicates an output value for a transaction is
	// invalid in some way such as being out of range.
	ErrBadTxOutValue

	// ErrDuplicateTxInputs indicates a transaction references the same
	// input more than once.
	ErrDuplicateTxInputs

	// ErrBadTxInput indicates a transaction input is invalid in some way
	// such as referencing a previous transaction outpoint which is out of
	// range or not referencing one at all.
	ErrBadTxInput

	// ErrMissingTx indicates a transaction referenced by an input is
	// missing.
	ErrMissingTx

	// ErrUnfinalizedTx indicates a transaction has not been finalized.
	// A valid block may only contain finalized transactions.
	ErrUnfinalizedTx

	// ErrDuplicateTx indicates a block contains an identical transaction
	// (or at least two transactions which hash to the same value).  A
	// valid block may only contain unique transactions.
	ErrDuplicateTx

	// ErrOverwriteTx indicates a block contains a transaction that has
	// the same hash as a previous transaction which has not been fully
	// spent.
	ErrOverwriteTx

	// ErrImmatureSpend indicates a transaction is attempting to spend a
	// coinbase that has not yet reached the required maturity.
	ErrImmatureSpend

	// ErrDoubleSpend indicates a transaction is attempting to spend coins
	// that have already been spent.
	ErrDoubleSpend

	// ErrSpendTooHigh indicates a transaction is attempting to spend more
	// value than the sum of all of its inputs.
	ErrSpendTooHigh

	// ErrBadFees indicates the total fees for a block are invalid due to
	// exceeding the maximum possible value.
	ErrBadFees

	// ErrTooManySigOps indicates the total number of signature operations
	// for a transaction or block exceed the maximum allowed limits.
	ErrTooManySigOps

	// ErrFirstTxNotCoinbase indicates the first transaction in a block
	// is not a coinbase transaction.
	ErrFirstTxNotCoinbase

	// ErrMultipleCoinbases indicates a block contains more than one
	// coinbase transaction.
	ErrMultipleCoinbases

	// ErrBadCoinbaseScriptLen indicates the length of the signature script
	// for a coinbase transaction is not within the valid range.
	ErrBadCoinbaseScriptLen

	// ErrBadCoinbaseValue indicates the amount of a coinbase value does
	// not match the expected value of the subsidy plus the sum of all fees.
	ErrBadCoinbaseValue

	// ErrMissingCoinbaseHeight indicates the coinbase transaction for a
	// block does not start with the serialized block block height as
	// required for version 2 and higher blocks.
	ErrMissingCoinbaseHeight

	// ErrBadCoinbaseHeight indicates the serialized block height in the
	// coinbase transaction for version 2 and higher blocks does not match
	// the expected value.
	ErrBadCoinbaseHeight

	// ErrScriptMalformed indicates a transaction script is malformed in
	// some way.  For example, it might be longer than the maximum allowed
	// length or fail to parse.
	ErrScriptMalformed

	// ErrScriptValidation indicates the result of executing transaction
	// script failed.  The error covers any failure when executing scripts
	// such signature verification failures and execution past the end of
	// the stack.
	ErrScriptValidation
)

// Map of ErrorCode values back to their constant names for pretty printing.
var errorCodeStrings = map[ErrorCode]string{
	ErrDuplicateBlock:        "ErrDuplicateBlock",
	ErrBlockTooBig:           "ErrBlockTooBig",
	ErrBlockVersionTooOld:    "ErrBlockVersionTooOld",
	ErrInvalidTime:           "ErrInvalidTime",
	ErrTimeTooOld:            "ErrTimeTooOld",
	ErrTimeTooNew:            "ErrTimeTooNew",
	ErrDifficultyTooLow:      "ErrDifficultyTooLow",
	ErrUnexpectedDifficulty:  "ErrUnexpectedDifficulty",
	ErrHighHash:              "ErrHighHash",
	ErrBadMerkleRoot:         "ErrBadMerkleRoot",
	ErrBadCheckpoint:         "ErrBadCheckpoint",
	ErrForkTooOld:            "ErrForkTooOld",
	ErrCheckpointTimeTooOld:  "ErrCheckpointTimeTooOld",
	ErrNoTransactions:        "ErrNoTransactions",
	ErrTooManyTransactions:   "ErrTooManyTransactions",
	ErrNoTxInputs:            "ErrNoTxInputs",
	ErrNoTxOutputs:           "ErrNoTxOutputs",
	ErrTxTooBig:              "ErrTxTooBig",
	ErrBadTxOutValue:         "ErrBadTxOutValue",
	ErrDuplicateTxInputs:     "ErrDuplicateTxInputs",
	ErrBadTxInput:            "ErrBadTxInput",
	ErrMissingTx:             "ErrMissingTx",
	ErrUnfinalizedTx:         "ErrUnfinalizedTx",
	ErrDuplicateTx:           "ErrDuplicateTx",
	ErrOverwriteTx:           "ErrOverwriteTx",
	ErrImmatureSpend:         "ErrImmatureSpend",
	ErrDoubleSpend:           "ErrDoubleSpend",
	ErrSpendTooHigh:          "ErrSpendTooHigh",
	ErrBadFees:               "ErrBadFees",
	ErrTooManySigOps:         "ErrTooManySigOps",
	ErrFirstTxNotCoinbase:    "ErrFirstTxNotCoinbase",
	ErrMultipleCoinbases:     "ErrMultipleCoinbases",
	ErrBadCoinbaseScriptLen:  "ErrBadCoinbaseScriptLen",
	ErrBadCoinbaseValue:      "ErrBadCoinbaseValue",
	ErrMissingCoinbaseHeight: "ErrMissingCoinbaseHeight",
	ErrBadCoinbaseHeight:     "ErrBadCoinbaseHeight",
	ErrScriptMalformed:       "ErrScriptMalformed",
	ErrScriptValidation:      "ErrScriptValidation",
}

// String returns the ErrorCode as a human-readable name.
func (e ErrorCode) String() string {
	if s := errorCodeStrings[e]; s != "" {
		return s
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("Unknown ErrorCode (%d)", int(e))
}

// RuleError identifies a rule violation.  It is used to indicate that
// processing of a block or transaction failed due to one of the many validation
// rules.  The caller can use type assertions to determine if a failure was
// specifically due to a rule violation and access the ErrorCode field to
// ascertain the specific reason for the rule violation.
type RuleError struct {
	ErrorCode   ErrorCode // Describes the kind of error
	Description string    // Human readable description of the issue
}

// Error satisfies the error interface and prints human-readable errors.
func (e RuleError) Error() string {
	return e.Description
}

// ruleError creates an RuleError given a set of arguments.
func ruleError(c ErrorCode, desc string) RuleError {
	return RuleError{ErrorCode: c, Description: desc}
}