This commit adds a new method EstimateVirtualSize that calculates
the worst case estimate vsize for a transaction with a given set
of inputs and outputs. This method is aware of P2PKH, P2WPKH and
P2SH-P2WPKH inputs, and caulculates the transaction vsize with
the witness data included.
This commit enabled the wallet to properly spend nested and normal
p2wkh outputs under its control.
For regular p2wkh outputs, spending simply involves presenting the
original pub key, and signature as the witness data.
For nested p2wkh outputs, in addition to the above, the version zero
witness p2wkh witness program is placed in the sigScript in order to
allow clients who are aware of BIP 16 to validate the witness spend.
This began as a change to improve the fee calculation code and evolved
into a much larger refactor which improves the readability and
modularity of all of the transaction creation code.
Transaction fee calculations have been switched from full increments
of the relay fee to a proportion based on the transaction size. This
means that for a relay fee of 1e3 satoshis/kB, a 500 byte transaction
is only required to pay a 5e2 satoshi fee and a 1500 byte transaction
only need pay a 1.5e3 fee. The previous code would end up estimating
these fees to be 1e3 and 2e3 respectively.
Because the previous code would add more fee than needed in almost
every case, the transaction size estimations were optimistic
(best/smallest case) and signing was done in a loop where the fee was
incremented by the relay fee again each time the actual size of the
signed transaction rendered the fee too low. This has switched to
using worst case transaction size estimates rather than best case, and
signing is only performed once.
Transaction input signature creation has switched from using
txscript.SignatureScript to txscript.SignTxOutput. The new API is
able to redeem outputs other than just P2PKH, so the previous
restrictions about P2SH outputs being unspendable (except through the
signrawtransaction RPC) no longer hold.
Several new public packages have been added:
wallet/txauthor - transaction authoring and signing
wallet/txfees - fee estimations and change output inclusion
wallet/txrules - simple consensus and mempool policy rule checks
Along with some internal packages:
wallet/internal/txsizes - transaction size estimation
internal/helpers - context free convenience functions
The txsizes package is internal as the estimations it provides are
specific for the algorithms used by these new packages.
