- Add new translations (finally, after a long time)
- update-translation script was not considering new translations - oops
- fixed this, also remove (nearly) empty translations
- Update translation process, it was still describing the old repository
structure
But keep translating them in the GUI.
This - necessarily - requires duplication of a few messages.
Alternative take on #7134, that keeps the translations from being wiped.
Also document GetWarnings() input argument.
Fixes#5895.
9af5f9c Move uiInterface.NotifyBlockTip signal above the core/wallet signal - This will keep getbestblockhash more in sync with blocknotify callbacks (Jonas Schnelli)
4082e46 [Qt] call GuessVerificationProgress synchronous during core signal, pass double over UI signal (Jonas Schnelli)
947d20b [Qt] reduce cs_main in getVerificationProgress() (Jonas Schnelli)
e6d50fc [Qt] update block tip (height and date) without locking cs_main, update always (each block) (Jonas Schnelli)
012fc91 NotifyBlockTip signal: switch from hash (uint256) to CBlockIndex* - also adds a boolean for indication if the tip update was happening during initial sync - emit notification also during initial sync (Jonas Schnelli)
a46f87f Initialize logging before we do parameter interaction (Jonas Schnelli)
df66147 Move -blocksonly parameter interaction to the new ParameterInteraction() function (Jonas Schnelli)
68354e7 [QT] Call inits parameter interaction before we create the options model (Jonas Schnelli)
411b05a Refactor parameter interaction, call it before AppInit2() (Jonas Schnelli)
6342a48 Init: Use DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MINFEE in help message (MarcoFalke)
a9c73a1 [wallet] Add comments for doxygen (MarcoFalke)
6b0e622 [wallet] Refactor to use new MIN_CHANGE (MarcoFalke)
* Introduce new constant MIN_CHANGE and use it instead of the
hardcoded "CENT"
* Add test case for MIN_CHANGE
* Introduce new constant for -mintxfee default:
DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MINFEE = 1000
* Raise the debug window when hidden behind other windows
* Switch to the debug window when on another virtual desktop
* Show the debug window when minimized
This change is a conceptual copy of 5ffaaba and 382e9e2
7aac6db [QT] dump banlist to disk in case of ban/unban over QT (Jonas Schnelli)
7f90ea7 [QA] adabt QT_NO_KEYWORDS for QT ban implementation (Jonas Schnelli)
07f70b2 [QA] fix netbase tests because of new CSubNet::ToString() output (Jonas Schnelli)
4ed0510 [Qt] call DumpBanlist() when baning unbaning nodes (Philip Kaufmann)
be89292 [Qt] reenabling hotkeys for ban context menu, use different words (Jonas Schnelli)
b1189cf [Qt] adapt QT ban option to banlist.dat changes (Jonas Schnelli)
65abe91 [Qt] add sorting for bantable (Philip Kaufmann)
51654de [Qt] bantable polish (Philip Kaufmann)
cdd72cd [Qt] simplify ban list signal handling (Philip Kaufmann)
43c1f5b [Qt] remove unused timer-code from banlistmodel.cpp (Jonas Schnelli)
e2b8028 net: Fix CIDR notation in ToString() (Wladimir J. van der Laan)
9e521c1 [Qt] polish ban table (Philip Kaufmann)
607809f net: use CIDR notation in CSubNet::ToString() (Jonas Schnelli)
53caec6 [Qt] bantable overhaul (Jonas Schnelli)
f0bcbc4 [Qt] bantable fix timestamp 64bit issue (Jonas Schnelli)
6135309 [Qt] banlist, UI optimizing and better signal handling (Jonas Schnelli)
770ca79 [Qt] add context menu with unban option to ban table (Jonas Schnelli)
5f42132 [Qt] add ui signal for banlist changes (Jonas Schnelli)
ad204df [Qt] add banlist table below peers table (Jonas Schnelli)
50f0908 [Qt] add ban functions to peers window (Jonas Schnelli)
The thin space QT html hack results in cut-off chars/nums after a line break.
Avoid word wrap line breaks by using a smaller font and a line break before each alternative value)
- add missing NULL pointer checks
- add better comments and reorder some code in rpcconsole.cpp
- remove unneeded leftovers in bantable.cpp
- update bantable column sizes to prevent cutting of banned until
- remove banListChanged signal from client model
- directly call clientModel->getBanTableModel()->refresh() without the way
over clientModel->updateBanlist()
- also fix clearing peer detail window, when selecting (clicking)
peers in the ban list
Implement RPCTimerHandler for Qt RPC console, so that `walletpassphrase`
works with GUI and `-server=0`.
Also simplify HTTPEvent-related code by using boost::function directly.
- *Replace usage of boost::asio with [libevent2](http://libevent.org/)*.
boost::asio is not part of C++11, so unlike other boost there is no
forwards-compatibility reason to stick with it. Together with #4738 (convert
json_spirit to UniValue), this rids Bitcoin Core of the worst offenders with
regard to compile-time slowness.
- *Replace spit-and-duct-tape http server with evhttp*. Front-end http handling
is handled by libevent, a work queue (with configurable depth and parallelism)
is used to handle application requests.
- *Wrap HTTP request in C++ class*; this makes the application code mostly
HTTP-server-neutral
- *Refactor RPC to move all http-specific code to a separate file*.
Theoreticaly this can allow building without HTTP server but with another RPC
backend, e.g. Qt's debug console (currently not implemented) or future RPC
mechanisms people may want to use.
- *HTTP dispatch mechanism*; services (e.g., RPC, REST) register which URL
paths they want to handle.
By using a proven, high-performance asynchronous networking library (also used
by Tor) and HTTP server, problems such as #5674, #5655, #344 should be avoided.
What works? bitcoind, bitcoin-cli, bitcoin-qt. Unit tests and RPC/REST tests
pass. The aim for now is everything but SSL support.
Configuration options:
- `-rpcthreads`: repurposed as "number of work handler threads". Still
defaults to 4.
- `-rpcworkqueue`: maximum depth of work queue. When this is reached, new
requests will return a 500 Internal Error.
- `-rpctimeout`: inactivity time, in seconds, after which to disconnect a
client.
- `-debug=http`: low-level http activity logging
d042854 SQUASH "Implement watchonly support in fundrawtransaction" (Matt Corallo)
428a898 SQUASH "Add have-pubkey distinction to ISMINE flags" (Matt Corallo)
6bdb474 Implement watchonly support in fundrawtransaction (Matt Corallo)
f5813bd Add logic to track pubkeys as watch-only, not just scripts (Matt Corallo)
d3354c5 Add have-pubkey distinction to ISMINE flags (Matt Corallo)
5c17059 Update importaddress help to push its use to script-only (Matt Corallo)
a1d7df3 Add importpubkey method to import a watch-only pubkey (Matt Corallo)
907a425 Add p2sh option to importaddress to import redeemScripts (Matt Corallo)
983d2d9 Split up importaddress into helper functions (Matt Corallo)
cfc3dd3 Also remove pay-2-pubkey from watch when adding a priv key (Matt Corallo)
- add static verifySize() function to PaymentServer and move the logging
on error into the function
- also use the new function in the unit test
- the function checks if the size is allowed as per BIP70
- remove an unneeded include of net.h in peertablemodel.cpp
- add const after size() in PeerTablePriv
- remove 2x unneeded else in functions
- replace a (int) typecast by (QVariant) to use Qt style
- remove unneeded include of peertablemodel.h from rpcconsole.cpp
Introduce a PlatformStyle to handle platform-specific customization of
the UI.
This replaces 'scicon', as well as #ifdefs to determine whether to place
icons on buttons.
The selected PlatformStyle defaults to the platform that the application
was compiled on, but can be overridden from the command line with
`-uiplatform=<x>`.
Also fixes the warning from #6328.
This indicates that, eg, we have a public key for a key which may
be used as a pay-to-pubkey-hash. It generally means that we can
create a valid scriptSig except for missing private key(s) with
which to create signatures.
QT_NO_KEYWORDS prevents Qt from defining the `foreach`, `signals`,
`slots` and `emit` macros.
Avoid overlap between Qt macros and boost - for example #undef hackiness
in #6421.
To determine the default for `-par`, the number of script verification
threads, use [boost:🧵:physical_concurrency()](http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_58_0/doc/html/thread/thread_management.html#thread.thread_management.thread.physical_concurrency)
which counts only physical cores, not virtual cores.
Virtual cores are roughly a set of cached registers to avoid context
switches while threading, they cannot actually perform work, so spawning
a verification thread for them could even reduce efficiency and will put
undue load on the system.
Should fix issue #6358, as well as some other reported system overload
issues, especially on Intel processors.
The function was only introduced in boost 1.56, so provide a utility
function `GetNumCores` to fall back for older Boost versions.
- implement find_value() function for UniValue
- replace all Array/Value/Object types with UniValues, remove JSON Spirit to UniValue wrapper
- remove JSON Spirit sources
Previously due to an off-by-one error the wallet ignored
nLockTime-by-height transactions that would be valid in the next block
even though they are accepted into the mempool. The transactions
wouldn't show up until confirmed, nor would they be included in the
unconfirmed balance. Similar to the mempool behavior fix in 665bdd3b,
the wallet code was calling IsFinalTx() directly without taking into
account the fact that doing so tells you if the transaction could have
been mined in the *current* block, rather than the next block.
To fix this we strip IsFinalTx() of non-consensus-critical
functionality, removing the default arguments, and add CheckFinalTx() to
check if a transaction will be final in the next block.
ca5f688 [QT] don't colorize icons on win and mac (Jonas Schnelli)
7247d10 [QT] use alert icon with tooltip insted of "(out of sync)" text (Jonas Schnelli)
51c7c70 [QT] remove frame to avoid double-frame situation in sendcoinsentry.ui (Jonas Schnelli)
2a6b844 [QT] change transaction amount and height in overview page (Jonas Schnelli)
a8cdaf5 checkpoints: move the checkpoints enable boolean into main (Cory Fields)
11982d3 checkpoints: Decouple checkpoints from Params (Cory Fields)
6996823 checkpoints: make checkpoints a member of CChainParams (Cory Fields)
9f13a10 checkpoints: store mapCheckpoints in CCheckpointData rather than a pointer (Cory Fields)
- write "Bitcoins" uppercase
- replace secure/insecure for payment requests with
authenticated/unauthenticated
- change a translatable string for payment request expiry to match another
existing string to only get ONE resulting string to translate
According to Tor's extensions to the SOCKS protocol
(https://gitweb.torproject.org/torspec.git/tree/socks-extensions.txt)
it is possible to perform stream isolation by providing authentication
to the proxy. Each set of credentials will create a new circuit,
which makes it harder to correlate connections.
This patch adds an option, `-proxyrandomize` (on by default) that randomizes
credentials for every outgoing connection, thus creating a new circuit.
2015-03-16 15:29:59 SOCKS5 Sending proxy authentication 3842137544:3256031132
Before and after was tested in Windows:
before:
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate : Payment server found
an invalid certificate: ("Microsoft Authenticode(tm) Root Authority")
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate : Payment server found
an invalid certificate: ()
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate : Payment server found
an invalid certificate: ()
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate : Payment server found
an invalid certificate: ()
after:
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate: Payment server found an
invalid certificate: "01" ("Microsoft Authenticode(tm) Root Authority")
() ()
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate: Payment server found an
invalid certificate: "01" () () ("Copyright (c) 1997 Microsoft Corp.",
"Microsoft Time Stamping Service Root", "Microsoft Corporation")
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate: Payment server found an
invalid certificate: "4a:19:d2:38:8c:82:59:1c:a5:5d:73:5f:15:5d:dc:a3" ()
() ("NO LIABILITY ACCEPTED, (c)97 VeriSign, Inc.", "VeriSign Time Stamping
Service Root", "VeriSign, Inc.")
GUI: ReportInvalidCertificate: Payment server found an
invalid certificate: "e4:9e:fd:f3:3a:e8:0e:cf:a5:11:3e:19:a4:24:02:32" ()
() ("Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority")
721cb55 GUI: Display label rather than address on popups (Luke Dashjr)
e96028c GUI: Clarify terminology; use "Label" heading for labels row, and "Node/Service" rather than [IP] "Address" (Luke Dashjr)
5983a4e Add a NODE_GETUTXO service bit and document NODE_NETWORK. Stop translating the NODE_* names as they are technical and cannot be translated. (Mike Hearn)
1d9b378 qa/rpc-tests/wallet: Tests for sendmany (Luke Dashjr)
40a7573 rpcwallet/sendmany: Just take an array of addresses to subtract fees from, rather than an Object with all values being identical (Luke Dashjr)
292623a Subtract fee from amount (Cozz Lovan)
90a43c1 [Qt] Code-movement-only: Format confirmation message in sendcoinsdialog (Cozz Lovan)
. Closes the bug from commit e179eb3d9b
("bitcoin-qt -help" did not show any message)
. Move all the options in init.cpp (there were already some
options related to bitcoin-qt)
6cb4a52 [Qt, Linux] honor current network when creating autostart link (Philip Kaufmann)
9673c35 [Qt, Win] honor current network when creating autostart link (Philip Kaufmann)
These dialogs will be something that people occasionally open, not keep
open during their session, so just popping it up in a sensible place
is good enough. Remembering only creates potential issues, like spawning
it outside the current screen area.
On Ubuntu this causes the dialogs to be positioned in the
middle of the main dialog, so I didn't add code for that. YMMV.
Inspired by github pull #5777 by @L-Cranston-Shadow
This makes it easier for us to replace it if desired, since it's now only in
one spot. Also, it avoids the openssl include from allocators.h, which
essentially forced openssl to be included from every compilation unit.
Bitcoin amounts are stored as uint64 in the protobuf messages (see
paymentrequest.proto), but CAmount is defined as int64_t. Because
of that we need to verify that single and accumulated amounts are
in a valid range and no variable overflow has happened.
- fixes#5624 (#5622)
Thanks @SergioDemianLerner for reporting that issue and also supplying us
with a possible solution.
- add static verifyAmount() function to PaymentServer and move the logging
on error into the function
- also add a unit test to paymentservertests.cpp
Note that this will also require translation changes in Transifex for the key
"A fee higher than %1 is considered an insanely high fee." which is now
"A fee higher than %1 is considered an absurdly high fee."
Signed-off-by: Daira Hopwood <daira@jacaranda.org>
The default font changed again.
The real fix is to compile qt against a >= 10.8 sdk, but this is simple enough
to backport to 0.10 to avoid having to do that there.
Note: NSAppKitVersionNumber is a double and there's no official value for
NSAppKitVersionNumber10_10. Since == isn't reliable for doubles, use Apple's
guidelines for testing versions here:
https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/releasenotes/AppKit/RN-AppKit/
Chinese and Japanese fonts have been hard-coded as well, otherwise they fail to
show up at all.
- now logs if -rootcertificates="" was used to disable payment request
authentication via X.509 certificates
- also logs which file is used as trusted root cert, if -rootcertificates
is set
- this is based on #4122 (which can be closed)
Currently a payment request is only checked for expiration upon receipt.
It should be checked again immediately before sending coins to prevent
the user from paying to an expired invoice which would then require a
customer service interaction.
- add static verifyExpired() function to PaymentServer to be able to use
the same validation code in GUI and unit-testing code
- extend unit tests to use that function and also add an unit test which
overflows, because payment requests allow expires as uint64, whereas we
use int64_t for verification of expired payment requests
- verify that payment request network matches client network
- add static verifyNetwork() function to PaymentServer to be able to use
the same validation code in GUI and unit-testing code
- add a second PaymentRequest Test CA certificate to paymentrequestdata.h
(serial number f0:da:97:e4:38:d7:64:16) as caCert2_BASE64
- rename existing Test CA certificate to caCert1_BASE64
- rename existing payment request data to know they belong to
caCert1_BASE64
- update comments to reflect the changes and add a missing comment to one
of the payment requests
b468e81 Qt: Clarify sign/verify dialog text to specifically state that these messages only prove one receives with the address in question, and makes no claim to sender of transactions (Luke Dashjr)
- it is helpful to be able to test and verify payment request processing
by allowing self signed root certificates (e.g. generated by Gavins
"certificate authority in a box")
- This option is just shown in the UI options, if -help-debug is enabled.
- before it was possible to use the steps to change e.g. amouns of
authenticated or unauthenticated payment requests (AmountSpinBox is
already set to read-only here) - this is now fixed
- also move the reimplemented stepEnabled() function to the
protected section of our class, where it belongs (see Qt doc)
856e862 namespace: drop most boost namespaces and a few header cleanups (Cory Fields)
9b1ab86 namespace: drop boost::assign altogether here (Cory Fields)
a324199 namespace: remove boost namespace pollution (Cory Fields)
Instead of using a fixed-width font in a label, which virtually
guarentees a horizontal scrollbar, use a proper text-document
that can re-layout based on user input.
If uint256() constructor takes a string, uint256(0) will become
dangerous when uint256 does not take integers anymore (it will go
through std::string(const char*) making a NULL string, and the explicit
keyword is no help).
4709160 [Qt] fix a translation that occurs 2 times but was a little different (Philip Kaufmann)
50db7d9 [Qt] change some strings to reflect name change to Bitcoin Core (Philip Kaufmann)
2747f7c [Qt] fix missing plural form for a string in sendcoinsdialog (Philip Kaufmann)
- current code only does this for payment request files, which are
used on Mac
- also rename readPaymentRequest to readPaymentRequestFromFile, so it's
obvious that function only handles payment request files and not URIs
- small logging changes in readPaymentRequestFromFile
- add newly added variables to the constructor init
- move an already existing bool also to constructor init
- move a connect call to setClientModel and add a NULL pointer check
4574248 [Qt] minor ordering cleanup after new fee selection (Philip Kaufmann)
a01fa30 minor style cleanup after HTTP rest interface merge (Philip Kaufmann)
Currently Bitcoin-Qts support for OSX User Notification Center is broken. This pull will fix a known issue of non-official-apple-built apps having problems sending user notifications.
- guard 4 connect calls by an #ifdef when no wallet is loaded to fix "No
such slot" warnings
- also add comments when #ifdef ENABLE_WALLET end
- fixes#5175
Move transaction new/update notification to TransactionTableModel.
This moves the concerns to where they're actually handled.
No need to bounce this through wallet model.
- Do wallet transaction preprocessing on signal handler side;
avoids locking cs_main/cs_wallet on notification in GUI thread
(except for new transactions)
85c579e script: add a slew of includes all around and drop includes from script.h (Cory Fields)
db8eb54 script: move ToString and ValueString out of the header (Cory Fields)
e9ca428 script: add ToByteVector() for converting anything with begin/end (Cory Fields)
066e2a1 script: move CScriptID to standard.h and add a ctor for creating them from CScripts (Cory Fields)
d4746d5 Add a SECURE style flag for ThreadSafeMessageBox, which indicates that the message contains sensitive information. This keeps the message from being output to the debug log by bitcoind. Fixes a possible security risk when starting bitcoind in server mode without the 'rpcpassword' option configured, resulting in the "suggested" password being output to the debug log. (Mark Friedenbach)
Many changes:
* Do not use 'getblocks', but 'getheaders', and use it to build a headers tree.
* Blocks are fetched in parallel from all available outbound peers, using a
limited moving window. When one peer stalls the movement of the window, it is
disconnected.
* No more orphan blocks. At all. We only ever request a block for which we have
verified the headers, and store it to disk immediately. This means that a
disk-fill attack would require PoW.
* Require protocol version 31800 for every peer (released in december 2010).
* No more syncnode (we sync from everyone we can, though limited to 1 during
initial *headers* sync).
* Introduce some extra named constants, comments and asserts.
6fd546d Remove CChainParams::NetworkID() (jtimon)
cc97210 Add fTestnetToBeDeprecatedFieldRPC to CChainParams (jtimon)
e11712d Move checkpoint data selection to chainparams (jtimon)
6de50c3 qt: add network-specific style object (Wladimir J. van der Laan)
Mainly cleanups: Gets rid of isTestNet everywhere, by keeping track
of network-specific theming in a central place.
Also makes GUI no longer dependent on the network ID enumeration, which
alleviates concerns about #4802.
It's strange to be able to close these windows while there is work
in progress.
Also set Qt::WA_DeleteOnClose on both windows to make sure that they
are deleted eventually, no matter what happens.
bbad683 [Qt] simplify return code and return values in txtablemodel (Philip Kaufmann)
21f1516 [Qt] add all used colors in txtablemodel to guiconstants (Philip Kaufmann)
2c2cc5d Remove some unnecessary c_strs() in logging and the GUI (Philip Kaufmann)
f7d0a86 netbase: Use .data() instead of .c_str() on binary string (Wladimir J. van der Laan)
- also fixes indentation in one file (auto fixed by Qt Designer)
- removes several default parameters, which are not needed in the files
- related to #4840 (but not intended as fix for a no-bug)
1e4f87f Use memcmp for uint256 equality/inequality (Pieter Wuille)
8a41e1e Use boost::unordered_map for mapBlockIndex (Pieter Wuille)
145d5be Introduce BlockMap type for mapBlockIndex (Pieter Wuille)
a0dbe43 checkpoints.cpp depends on main, it can use mapBlockIndex directly (Pieter Wuille)
Thanks to Pieter Wuille for most of the work on this commit.
I did not fixup the overhaul commit, because a rebase conflicted
with "remove fields of ser_streamplaceholder".
I prefer not to risk making a mistake while resolving it.
The implementation of each class' serialization/deserialization is no longer
passed within a macro. The implementation now lies within a template of form:
template <typename T, typename Stream, typename Operation>
inline static size_t SerializationOp(T thisPtr, Stream& s, Operation ser_action, int nType, int nVersion) {
size_t nSerSize = 0;
/* CODE */
return nSerSize;
}
In cases when codepath should depend on whether or not we are just deserializing
(old fGetSize, fWrite, fRead flags) an additional clause can be used:
bool fRead = boost::is_same<Operation, CSerActionUnserialize>();
The IMPLEMENT_SERIALIZE macro will now be a freestanding clause added within
class' body (similiar to Qt's Q_OBJECT) to implement GetSerializeSize,
Serialize and Unserialize. These are now wrappers around
the "SerializationOp" template.
Needed to build breakage reported by Arnavion on IRC:
qt/splashscreen.cpp: In constructor 'SplashScreen::SplashScreen(const QPixmap&, Qt::WindowFlags, bool)':
qt/splashscreen.cpp:33:98: error: 'FormatFullVersion' was not declared in this scope
b197bf3 [Qt] disable tray interactions when client model set to 0 (Philip Kaufmann)
314fbd9 [Qt] use BitcoinGUI::DEFAULT_WALLET constant in bitcoin.cpp (Philip Kaufmann)
8ca6a16 [Qt] ensure all class attributes are init to 0 (Philip Kaufmann)
Split up util.cpp/h into:
- string utilities (hex, base32, base64): no internal dependencies, no dependency on boost (apart from foreach)
- money utilities (parsesmoney, formatmoney)
- time utilities (gettime*, sleep, format date):
- and the rest (logging, argument parsing, config file parsing)
The latter is basically the environment and OS handling,
and is stripped of all utility functions, so we may want to
rename it to something else than util.cpp/h for clarity (Matt suggested
osinterface).
Breaks dependency of sha256.cpp on all the things pulled in by util.
This number was still tracked even though it's shown nowhere in the UI
anymore. It was originally removed because it didn't match the actual number of
records in the view (which contains outputs, not transactions) thus was
confusing people.
- this prevents the ability to fiddle around with the system tray when
already shutting down (e.g. on slow shutdowns because of a proxy delay)
- extends solution for #4360
- ensure normal and watch-only stuff looks consistent
- simplify UI by removing unneeded UI layout elements
- change some comments to watch-only from watchonly
- remove starting height as table header and replace with ping time
- remove columnResizingFixer
- add local address (if available) in detailed node view (on top of the
right view below the remote address)
- remove some .c_str() by using QString::fromStdString()
- rename Address to Address/Hostname
- rename secs to just s for ping time
- use MODEL_UPDATE_DELAY from guiconstants.h for the peer refresh time
- make PeerTableModel::columnCount() return no hard-coded value
- remove and cleanup dup private: section in RPCConsole header
- add new defaults for column sizes
- remove behaviour which keeps disconnected peers selected and also remove
code which keeps track of last selected peer stats
- add sync height to detail view
- add some additional NULL pointer checks for clientModel in
rpcconsole.cpp
Fixes various issues and cleans up code
- Fixes issue #4500: Amount widget +/- has floating point rounding artifacts
- Amount box can now be emptied again, without clearing to 0
Also aligns the amount to the right, as in other places.
